Acute Kidney Injury Therapeutic Pipeline Analysis, 2017 - Designation, Collaboration and Other Developments

Acute kidney injury therapeutic pipeline is likely to grow on account of increasing incidence of diabetes and high blood pressure, in people, resulting in increasing prevalence of acute kidney injury, globally. Low market penetration, due to presence of limited number of companies making an analog and increasing health awareness among people are few other factors contributing to the growth of acute kidney injury therapeutic pipeline. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, women (15.93%) are more likely to have stages 1 to 4 of acute kidney injury than men (13.52%). It is also more common among African Americans (17.01%) and Mexican Americans (15.29%) than in Caucasians (13.99%).

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Acute kidney injury is a serious condition which includes kidney damage or failure. This results in building up of waste products in blood, due to which the balance of fluids in the body gets disturbed, in turn affecting several other organs including heart, lungs and brain. Acute kidney injury is caused due to the slow flow of blood due to conditions such as low blood pressure, allergic reactions, organ failure, heart diseases, blood loss and overuse of medicines. Sepsis, cancer, vasculitis, interstitial nephritis, scleroderma and glomerulonephritis cause direct damage to kidney which can also result in the development of acute kidney injury. Blockage of urinary tract due to several conditions such as kidney stones or blood clots in the tract can also result in acute kidney failure. The most common signs and symptoms of acute kidney injury include nausea, shortness of breath, swelling in legs and around eyes, less urination, fatigue and chest pain. Acute kidney injury is diagnosed by measuring the urine output, measuring glomerular filtration rate, blood tests, urine tests, imaging tests and kidney biopsy. Acute kidney injury is treated by treating the root cause of the disease in an individual. Severe cases require dialysis to improve kidney function until the kidneys do not recover or are transplanted.

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Some of the leading companies having a pipeline of acute kidney injury therapeutics include Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Angion Biomedica Corp., AM-Pharma BV, Sentien Biotechnologies, Inc., F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Evotec AG, NephroGenex, Inc., G1 Therapeutics, Inc., Alloksys Life Sciences BV, DiaMedica Therapeutics, Inc.

Psoriasis Therapeutic Pipeline Analysis 2017 - Clinical Trials & Results and Other Developments

Therapeutic pipeline for analysis of psoriasis is likely to grow on account of increasing prevalence of psoriasis, globally, which is caused due to abnormalities in the immune system caused by external stressors and low market penetration of drugs that can successfully cure the disease. According to the latest data published by the American Academy of Dermatology, approximately 7.5 million people in the U.S. are suffering from psoriasis. The disease is prevalent in people of all age groups, mostly in adults. Both males and females are equally susceptible to this disease.

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Psoriasis is a serious condition which includes chronic inflammation and scaling on the skin. Psoriasis develops when skin cells rapidly grow below the surface of the skin and get deposited on the surface before they get mature. Usually this process takes about a month, but in psoriasis it may occur in a few days. Psoriasis leads to the development of thick patches of inflamed skin with a silvery scale covering. These patches are also referred to as plaques and they itch or feel sore. They mostly occur on knees, elbows, other parts of the legs, lower back, scalp, soles of the feet, face and palms. Psoriasis can also affect the toenails, the fingernails, inside the mouth and the soft tissues of the genitals. Pain and itching may interfere with basic functions such as self-care, sleep and walking. Psoriasis is caused when T cells accidently get involved and become active to the extent of triggering other immune responses, thus, resulting in inflammation and rapid turnover of skin cells. Another major source of developing psoriasis is its presence in the family history of an individual. Psoriasis is diagnosed by examining a small skin sample from a patient, under a microscope. There are several forms of psoriasis including guttate psoriasis, plaque psoriasis, erythrodermic psoriasis, inverse psoriasis, pustular psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. The treatment of psoriasis includes topical treatment, phototherapy and systemic therapy. Topical treatment includes application of ointment or cream forms of corticosteroids, vitamin D3, retinoids, coal tar, or anthralin. Phototherapy includes exposure of UV light in controlled conditions, while systemic treatment includes retinoids, cyclosporine, methotrexate, PDE4 inhibitors and biologic response modifiers medicines.

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Some of the leading companies having a pipeline of psoriasis therapeutics include Novartis AG, UCB S.A., Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline plc, Betta Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., AbbVie, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Santalis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Shanghai Celgen Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Nephrotic Syndrome Therapeutics Pipeline Analysis - Collaboration and Other Developments

The growth in the pipeline of nephrotic syndrome is attributed to the increase in prevalence of individuals affected with diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia. Unhealthy lifestyle and unhygienic crops and fruits are also the factors that are contributing to the growth of therapeutic pipeline of nephrotic syndrome. Environmental factors are also thought to be responsible for occurrence of nephrotic syndrome. Funds from various organizations are contributing to the research and developments in the therapy area which in turn is believed to help in early diagnosis of the disease.

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Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms such as, proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, edema or swelling and hypoalbuminia, which mainly affects kidneys. Edema is caused when albumin leaks into the urine and body loses its capacity to absorb its extra fluid. The anomalies in kidney filters, glomeruli, is the main risk factor of nephrotic syndrome. Tiny blood vessels in glomeruli removes waste and excess fluid from blood and direct them to urinary bladder in the form of urine. Nephrotic syndrome can also be caused by metabolic disease such as diabetes and lupus. Weight gain, fatigue, foamy urine and loss of appetite are the main symptoms observed in patients with nephrotic syndrome. Complication associated with nephrotic syndrome are hypothyroidism, anemia, coronary artery disease or coronary heart disease, high blood pressure or hypertension and acute kidney injury.

In 2014, Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Zenyaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. of Japan entered a license agreement, under the terms of which Zenyaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. got the rights for the development and commercialization of subcutaneous blisibimod in Japan and potentially in other Asian countries. In October 2014, the National Institutes of Health announced to provide funding of $5.8 million over a five-year period to the Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network, also known as NEPTUNE.

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Some of the companies having a pipeline of nephrotic syndrome therapeutics include, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Mallinckrodt LLC, Novartis AG, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Genentech, Inc., Bellus Health Inc., GlaxoSmithKline plc, Retrophin, Inc., Concert Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Ankylosing Spondylitis Therapeutics Pipeline Analysis 2017 by P&S Market Research

Ankylosing spondylitis is an idiopathic disease, associated with HLA-B27, IL23R and ERAP1 genes. Usually, fewer people get affected with ankylosing spondylitis irrespective of activation of genes. Blood test, X-ray test, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and physical investigations are some of the ways to effectively diagnose the disease. The disease begins with the inflammation in joints in the vertebrae and pelvic bones and spine. The environmental factors are believed to be the most important risk factor for increasing the incidence of the disease. The primary symptoms include back pain and stiffness.

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Considerable growth in therapeutic pipeline of ankylosing spondylitis is attributed to the increase in prevalence of the disease among teens as well as young adult patients. Researchers have not been able to identify the actual cause of the disease. Novel anti-inflammatory agents and pain killers are being developed that are primarily responsible for the growth of therapeutics pipeline for ankylosing spondylitis.

In June 2015, UniQuest Pty Ltd signed a collaborative agreement with Janssen Cilag Pty Limited for development and commercialization of small molecule modulators of a biological target identified by the University of Queensland, as an important factor for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis, and potentially psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease. In December 2016, Janssen Biotech, Inc. confirmed the submission of two Supplemental Biologics License Applications (sBLAs) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) seeking approval of SIMPONI ARIA (golimumab) for the treatment of patients with psoriatic arthritis as well as ankylosing spondylitis. SIMPONI ARIA is fully humanised anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha therapy.

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Some of the companies having a pipeline of ankylosing spondylitis therapeutics include, AbbVie Inc., Sanofi SA, Centocor Inc., Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Novartis AG, Amgen plc,  Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Galapagos NV, Celgene Corporation,  Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd, Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co. Ltd., Pfizer Inc., UCB Pharma SA, Eli Lilly and Company, Eisai Co., Ltd., Korea Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Inflexxion Inc. and Johnson & Johnson Pvt. Ltd.

Cataract Therapeutics Pipeline Analysis, Designation, Collaboration and Other Developments

Cataract is the clouding of eye lens and it can occur in either one or both the eyes. Cataract is generally more common among people over 80 years of age. According to the National Eye Institute, more than half of the Americans suffer from cataract. Eye lens is transparent and light sensitive and is located at the back of the eye. It helps to focus light rays on retina which aids in the formation of clear image. Images at retina are converted into optic signals that are then communicated to the brain. Eye lens is made up of protein and water, but as a person grows old, the protein of the lens clump together and starts to form a cloud which continues to grow, time making it harder for patients to see. Cloud formation in eye lens is the characteristic feature of cataract. In people affected by cataract, colour of eye lens also changes to brownish, adding a brownish tint to their vision.

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Considerable growth in therapeutic pipeline of cataract is expected in the future which could be attributed primarily to the increasing prevalence of cataract. According to researchers, smoking and diabetes are considered to be the major causes of cataract disease. Consumption of unhygienic crops and fruits, unhealthy lifestyle and rising level of pollutants in the environment are some of other important factors responsible for increasing incidence of cataract disease.

In September 2016, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Ltd. entered into an agreement with Abbott Medical Optics Inc. (AMO) to acquire for the wholesome amount of $4.325 billion. AMO’s reported sales were around $1.1 billion for the year 2015. The acquisition also included accession of ophthalmic products in three business segments such as, cataract surgery, laser refractive surgery and consumer eye health. In March 2016, Acucela Inc. and YouHealth Eyetech Inc. signed an agreement of license on lanosterol technology for the non-surgical pharmacologic treatment of cataracts.

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Some of the companies having a pipeline of cataract therapeutics include, Allergan plc, Genentech, Inc., Aqumen Biopharmaceuticals, N.A., Reata Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Bausch & Lomb Incorporated, Omeros Corporation, Chakshu Research, Inc., Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eyegate Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Icon Bioscience Inc., Othera Pharmaceuticals Inc., Xigen SA, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., ESBATech AG, Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., Ivantis, Inc., Eyetech Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ocular Therapeutix, Inc., Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A, Sirion Therapeutics, Inc., Croma-Pharma GmbH, Kala Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Amgen plc.

Chronic Heart Failure Therapeutics Pipeline Analysis 2017

Chronic heart failure therapeutic pipeline will increase in near future due to increasing cases of the disease. The prevalence of chronic heart failure is increasing globally due to the factors including obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, cholesterol, less physical activity and tobacco consumption. These factors are contributing in driving the pipeline analysis for chronic heart failure. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, around 5.7 million adults in the U.S. have heart failure and about half of people die within five years of diagnosis. Asthma is equally prevalent in women than in men.

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Chronic heart failure is a condition, in which heart muscles gets damaged and cannot pump blood properly. This condition slows down the rate of blood flow and increases the pressure, resulting in insufficient supply of oxygen and nutrients to the body. The damage can be a result of heart attack or long-term health issues like diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease. Heart failure can be caused by several conditions including heart attack, coronary artery disease, thyroid, kidney disease and cardiomyopathy. Some of the symptoms of chronic heart failure include lung congestion, dizziness, fluid and water retention, fatigue, irregular heartbeats and weakness. Chronic heart failure is categorized into two types, systolic dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction. Heart failure is diagnosed by analysing patient’s medical history and examining the symptoms. Also, alcohol consumption, smoking and drugs intake are considered while diagnosing the disease. Certain tests are also conducted for confirmation which includes blood tests, chest X-ray, B-type natriuretic peptide blood test, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, cardiac catheterization and the ejection fraction test. Chronic heart failure can be treated with strict medications and healthy lifestyle with regular monitoring. The treatment initially aims to decrease the symptoms and improve the quality of life of the patient.

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Some of the companies having a pipeline of chronic heart failure therapeutics include Amgen, Inc., Bayer AG, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, GlaxoSmithKline plc, Daiichi Sankyo Company Ltd., F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Merck & Co. Inc., Novartis AG, Sulfagenix Australia Pty Ltd., Janssen Research & Development, LLC, AstraZeneca plc, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, MorphoSys AG.

Myelofibrosis Therapeutics Pipeline Analysis, 2017 - Clinical Trials & Results, Collaboration and Other Developments

Myelofibrosis is a disease characterized by the build-up of scar tissue in the bone marrow, which leads to genetic mutation in a person’s body. The myelofibrosis therapeutics pipeline is anticipated to increase with the growing need to develop a cure for the problem, and is noticed in approximately one in 500,000 people, in the U.S., usually in the age group of 50 to 80 years, as per the as data provided by U.S. national Library of Medicine. It is a rare form of disease and also happens to patients with thrombocythemia and polycythemia. Moreover, the future developments in therapies are expected to shoot-up.

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According to National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, myelofibrosis is disorder of bone marrow, in which bone marrow is replaced by fibrous tissues. In myelofibrosis, bone marrow cannot produce sufficient blood cells and platelets, which leads to weakness, anemia, fatigue and sometimes swelling of spleen and liver. Reduction in number of platelets can cause bleeding and bruising. This condition is also called extramedullary haematopoiesis. The genes of the stem cells such as, JAK2, MPL, CALR, and TET2 genes undergo mutation in somatic stem cells but, the condition is uninherited. Treatments for the problem include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, blood transfusion and surgery.

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In November 2013, Baxter International Inc. entered into a licensing agreement with Cell Therapeutics, Inc., to develop and commercialize - pacritinib. Pacritinib is a novel investigational JAK2/FLT3 inhibitor with activity against genetic mutations linked to myelofibrosis, leukemia and certain solid tumors. Pacritinib is currently in Phase II clinical development in patients having chronic malignant bone marrow disorder, myelofibrosis.

Some of the companies having a pipeline of myelofibrosis therapeutics include Incyte Corporation, Novartis AG, Pfizer, Inc., Constellation Pharmaceuticals, Inc., GlaxoSmithKline Plc, Geron Corporation, Baxter International Inc.